Sorry for the late reply!
Tried everything imaginable for the last couple of days and nothing seemed to work. Even borrowed an external DVD drive to use the Windows recovery DVD's...
Unlike the Fedora 17 DVD that kept crashing half way through the installation process, it was the Fedora 17 Live-CD that came to my rescue. Managed to do a full disk installation, which unfortunately means I lost Windows.
Read up on this a lot the last couple of days and much of the problem seems to be that most distro's (Fedora, Ubuntu, etc.) focus on providing CD/DVD install media. You can "write" those to a USB pendrive, but there are issues UEFI-booting them. Once you get it to UEFI-boot it, everything should install just fine.
My laptop fortunately does both UEFI and legacy-BIOS booting, which means everything is now in legacy mode. Does mean I can't install Windows 7 Home Pro properly, as the disk is in MBR mode now in stead of GPT. That dual mode is on it's way out though (future computers will likely be UEFI only), as are disc drives (my ultrabook does not have a DVD drive!)
Conclusion: Red Hat should move away from CD/DVD-based install media images and focus on USB pendrives