How does bash handle array variable?

[youhaodeyi]

I have a variable with string type and want to get its last character. How can I do this in bash?

[Camberwell]

hi there,

I've just done a quick google and found this...

http://www.faqs.org/docs/abs/HTML/st...ipulation.html

does that help?

[youhaodeyi]

Originally Posted by Camberwell

hi there,

I've just done a quick google and found this...

http://www.faqs.org/docs/abs/HTML/st...ipulation.html

does that help?

This page requires authentication. Could you please paste it on this forum?

[marcrblevins]

You can grab the abs_guide.pdf from my site, listed in my sig. Bash god doc.

[Camberwell]

this page does not require authentication

but anyhow you probably want something like this...

string=sometext
echo `expr "$string" : '.*\(.\)'`

should print "t"

[wintersm]

the site works, but

${string:position:length}

   1 stringZ=abcABC123ABCabc
   2 #       0123456789.....
   3 #       0-based indexing.
   4 
   5 echo ${stringZ:0}                            # abcABC123ABCabc
   6 echo ${stringZ:1}                            # bcABC123ABCabc
   7 echo ${stringZ:7}                            # 23ABCabc
   8 
   9 echo ${stringZ:7:3}                          # 23A
  10                                              # Three characters of substring.

[marcrblevins]

Your answer is the last line of my junk file.

[marc@kiriyamablevins ~]$ cat junk
#!/bin/sh

stringZ=abcABC123ABCabc

echo ${#stringZ}                 # 15
echo `expr length $stringZ`      # 15
echo `expr "$stringZ" : '.*'`    # 15

echo ${stringZ:7:3}                          # 23A

echo `expr substr $stringZ 1 2`              # ab
echo `expr substr $stringZ 4 3`              # ABC
echo `expr substr $stringZ ${#stringZ} 1`    # c
[marc@kiriyamablevins ~]$ ./junk
15
15
15
23A
ab
ABC
c
[marc@kiriyamablevins ~]$

[youhaodeyi]

OK got it. thanks.

[RupertPupkin]

To get the last character in a string variable called x, use this: ${x:${#x}-1}

$ x='this is a long string!'
$ echo "${x:${#x}-1}"
!